地方副词会透露某事发生的大约位置,一般会放在主要动词之后,或者是该副词修饰的语句后。地方副词并不会修饰形容词或其他副词。
举例
- John looked around but he couldn't see the monkey.
- I searched everywhere I could think of.
- I'm going back to school.
- Come in!
- They built a house nearby.
- She took the child outside.
「这里」和「那里」
here 和 there 是常见的地方副词,会透露出与讲话者的距离。当这类副词与行进动词一起使用时,here 有「朝向讲话者」丶「和讲话者一起」之意;而 there 有「远离讲话者」丶「没有和讲话者一起」之意 。
例句 | 意思 |
---|---|
Come here! | 向我走过来。 |
The table is in here. | 跟我一起来,我们会一起去看到它。 |
Put it there. | 把它放到远离我的地方。 |
The table is in there. | 走进去;你会自己看到。 |
here 和 there 会与介词搭配使用,形成许多常见的副词片语。
举例
- What are you doing up there?
- Come over here and look at what I found!
- The baby is hiding down there under the table.
- I wonder how my driver's license got stuck under here.
当句子以惊叹号结尾,或是需要做出强调语气时,here 和 there 就会放在句首。如果主词是名词,句型会是副词 + 动词 + 主词;但如果主词是代词,句型就会是副词 + 代词 + 动词。
举例
- Here comes the bus!
- There goes the bell!
- There it is!
- Here they are!
可用作介词的地方副词
许多地方副词也可以用作介词。当它被用为介词的时候,后面就必须接一个名词。
字词 | 用作地方副词,修饰动词 | 用作介词 |
---|---|---|
around | The marble rolled around in my hand. | I am wearing a necklace around my neck. |
behind | Hurry! You are getting behind. | Let's hide behind the shed. |
down | Mary fell down. | John made his way carefully down the cliff. |
in | We decided to drop in on Jake. | I dropped the letter in the mailbox. |
off | Let's get off at the next stop. | The wind blew the flowers off the tree. |
on | We rode on for several more hours. | Please put the books on the table. |
over | He turned over and went back to sleep. | I think I will hang the picture over my bed. |
以 where 结尾的地方副词
以 where 结尾的地方副词表达出位置的概念,而非特指一个地点或方向。
举例
- I would like to go somewhere warm for my vacation.
- Is there anywhere I can find a perfect plate of spaghetti around here?
- I have nowhere to go.
- I keep running in to Sally everywhere!
以 wards 结尾的地方副词
以 wards 结尾的地方副词表达某个动作以特定方向移动。
举例
- Cats don't usually walk backwards.
- The ship sailed westwards.
- The balloon drifted upwards.
- We will keep walking homewards until we arrive.
要注意:towards 是介词,而不是副词;因此它的后面一律要接名词或代词。
举例
- He walked towards the car.
- She ran towards me.
表达动作和地点的地方副词
有些地方副词可以同时表达动作和地点。
举例
- The child went indoors.
- He lived and worked abroad.
- Water always flows downhill.
- The wind pushed us sideways.