英语中的数字
基数(one丶two丶three.. 等)是论数量的形容词,而序数(first丶second丶third.. 等)则是论分配。
数字 | 基数 | 序数 |
---|---|---|
1 | one | first |
2 | two | second |
3 | three | third |
4 | four | fourth |
5 | five | fifth |
6 | six | sixth |
7 | seven | seventh |
8 | eight | eighth |
9 | nine | ninth |
10 | ten | tenth |
11 | eleven | eleventh |
12 | twelve | twelfth |
13 | thirteen | thirteenth |
14 | fourteen | fourteenth |
15 | fifteen | fifteenth |
16 | sixteen | sixteenth |
17 | seventeen | seventeenth |
18 | eighteen | eighteenth |
19 | nineteen | nineteenth |
20 | twenty | twentieth |
21 | twenty-one | twenty-first |
22 | twenty-two | twenty-second |
23 | twenty-three | twenty-third |
24 | twenty-four | twenty-fourth |
25 | twenty-five | twenty-fifth |
26 | twenty-six | twenty-sixth |
27 | twenty-seven | twenty-seventh |
28 | twenty-eight | twenty-eighth |
29 | twenty-nine | twenty-ninth |
30 | thirty | thirtieth |
31 | thirty-one | thirty-first |
40 | forty | fortieth |
50 | fifty | fiftieth |
60 | sixty | sixtieth |
70 | seventy | seventieth |
80 | eighty | eightieth |
90 | ninety | ninetieth |
100 | one hundred | hundredth |
500 | five hundred | five hundredth |
1,000 | one thousand | thousandth |
1,500 | one thousand five hundred, or fifteen hundred | one thousand five hundredth |
100,000 | one hundred thousand | hundred thousandth |
1,000,000 | one million | millionth |
举例
- There are twenty-five people in the room.
- He was the fourteenth person to win the award.
- Six hundred thousand people were left homeless after the earthquake.
- I must have asked you twenty times to be quiet.
- He went to Israel for the third time this year.
小数的读法
小数点的英文是「point」,先读 point,再个别读每个小数的数字。但金额并不是这样的读法。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
0.5 | point five |
0.25 | point two five |
0.73 |
point seven three |
0.05 |
point zero five |
0.6529 |
point six five two nine |
2.95 |
two point nine five |
分数的读法
分数的读法,是先用基数来读出分子,再用序数来读出分母。如果分子大於一,序数则是复数。这种读法可以用在所有分数上,但除了数字 2,当分母为 2 时,则读作「half」;而如果其分子大於 1,分母则变成复数「halves」。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
1/3 | one third |
3/4 | three fourths |
5/6 | five sixths |
1/2 | one half |
3/2 | three halves |
百分比的读法
要用英语读百分比很简单,只要先念数字在加上「percent」这个字即可。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
5% | five percent |
25% | twenty-five percent |
36.25% | thirty-six point two five percent |
100% | one hundred percent |
400% | four hundred percent |
金额的读法
若要用英语念出金额,首先要先读整个数字,再加上货币的名称即可。但如果金额带有小数,则在念出整数部分后,再将小数点后的数字以整数方式念出。如果币制在货币单位上另有名称,则在最后加上那个字。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
25$ | twenty-five dollars |
52€ | fifty-two euros |
140₤ | one hundred and forty pounds |
$43.25 | forty-three dollars and twenty-five cents(在日常口语上会缩减为「forty-three twenty-five」) |
€12.66 | twelve euros sixty-six |
₤10.50 | ten pounds fifty |
测量单位的读法
先念出数字,再念测量单位的名称。通常测量单位在书写上会用缩写来表示。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
60m | sixty meters |
25km/h | twenty-five kilometers per hour |
11ft | eleven feet |
2L | two liters |
3tbsp | three tablespoons |
1tsp | one teaspoon |
年份的读法
英语中的年份读法相当复杂。一般来说,当年份有四位数时,先将前面两位数以整数方式来念,后面两位数则另外以整数方式来念。但在这个规则有少数的例外;在西元 2000 年的前一百年内,即使年份也带有四个数字,但可以用整数方式来念,或者以一般「两位数两位数」的方式来念。西元 1000 年则一律以整数方式来念,否则发音会拗口。西元世纪则以一百年为单位来念。在两千年以前的世纪,都不会用到 thousand 这个字。
有三位数的年份可以用一般数字的方式念出,或者先念第一个数字,再把后面两个数字当整数来念。而有二位数的年份则以整数来读。为了要确切表达您的意思,可以在任何年份前面加 the year,这种方法对二位数和三位数的年份尤其常见。 而在西元前的年份则在数字后加 BC,读音就如字母发音一样。
有趣的是,这些规则也运用在地址中的数字上。
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
2014 | twenty fourteen or two thousand fourteen |
2008 | two thousand eight |
2000 | two thousand |
1944 | nineteen forty-four |
1908 | nineteen o eight |
1900 | nineteen hundred |
1600 | sixteen hundred |
1256 | twelve fifty-six |
1006 | ten o six |
866 | eight hundred sixty-six or eight sixty-six |
25 | twenty-five |
3000 BC | three thousand BC |
3250 BC | thirty two fifty BC |
0 的读法
数字 0 在不同情況会有不同读法。麻烦的是,同样是说英语的国家,但每个国家会有不同的使用情况。这些读音运用於美式英语上。
读音 | 使用的情况 |
---|---|
zero | 用来读数字丶读小数丶百分比丶手机号码以及某些固定用语上。 |
o (字母名称) | 用在读年份丶地址丶时间以及温度 |
nil | 用在报导体育比赛分数 |
nought | 在美国不使用 |
举例
写法 | 读法 |
---|---|
3.04+2.02=5.06 | Three point zero four plus two point zero two makes five point zero six. |
There is a 0% chance of rain. | There is a zero percent chance of rain. |
The temperature is -20⁰C. | The temperature is twenty degrees below zero. |
You can reach me at 0171 390 1062. | You can reach me at zero one seven one, three nine zero, one zero six two |
I live at 4604 Smith Street. | I live at forty-six o four Smith Street |
He became king in 1409. | He became king in fourteen o nine. |
I waited until 4:05. | I waited until four o five. |
The score was 4-0. | The score was four nil. |